NATO needs a plan for military and nonmilitary instruments of power to work together

Militaries expect to face threats on land, at sea, in the air, in space, and in cyberspace. Increasingly, militaries are recognizing that they must leverage capabilities from several of these domains at the same time in order to have effects in the battlespace. At the same time, nonmilitary technology is changing the battlefield in important ways. Sensors have proliferated, and there has been a rapid expansion of civilian space-based assets, for example. Cyber connectivity has become essential to carry out military operations, but this technology has also created new vulnerabilities to civilian infrastructure from both kinetic and nonkinetic attacks.

To adapt to these changes, NATO is developing a multi-domain operations (MDO) warfighting concept. But for this concept to be successful, it must include a plan to manage military operations’ increasing reliance on and interaction with nonmilitary instruments of power.

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